Showing posts with label History. Show all posts
Showing posts with label History. Show all posts

Alwatzikhoebillah Palace in Sambas


Collection of Indonesian
Old-fashioned but well maintained. Green and cool. That's about the impression that arise when set foot in the Palace of the Sultanate of Sambas Alwatzikhoebillah this. To enter the palace area, visitors will pass through two gates. The first gate is the gate to enter the square and at the same time limiting the public road to the palace area, while the second gate to limit the square with a courtyard.

The main palace building is located in the middle and has the largest size. On the left wing and right, there are buildings that are connected directly supporting the main building the palace. Left wing of the building formerly used as a place to entertain guests of honor, while the right wing of the building used to prepare for all purposes of the sultan and his family. Now, the left wing of the building is used as a place to store the heirlooms of the empire.

In addition, visitors can see the old Sultans family bathing pool right next to the palace and the residence of the sultan's family was behind the palace.

In the surrounding area of ​​the Palace Alwatzikhoebillah, there are various facilities such as mosques, food stalls, guides, telephone kiosks, voucher refill pulse, the center of souvenirs and souvenirs, as well as canoe rentals and boat speed for the area surrounding the palace.
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Ritual Nyobeng



Ritual Nyobeng, or Bathing Human Skull Mengayau Results

Nyobeng from various references is a ritual bathing or cleaning up a human skull mengayau results by our ancestors. This is done by the Dayak Bidayuh tribe, one of the Dayak sub-tribes in Kampung Sebujit, District Siding, Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan.

gorged
MENGAYAU was decapitated human head, and skull preserved. Now, tradition mengayau've never done again. The ceremony is quite touching, and lasted for three days. Starting on 15 until June 17.

Its main activities namely, bathing skull stored in a custom home. As per the rules of trust from generation to generation. Starting welcome guests in the village limits. Initially, this was done to welcome members of the group who came from mengayau. Greeters, wearing a sash of red cloth decorated with beads from the teeth of animals. Equipped with chopsticks and destroyed the gun sounded, when the invited guests was about to enter the village boundary. Chopsticks also raised simultaneously.

A burst of rifle destroyed, also useful summon ancestral spirits at once asked permission for the implementation of Nyobeng ritual. Then, traditional elders threw the dog into the air. With a saber, the chairman of the party guests must slash. If still alive, should be cut with a saber so fell to the ground. The procession of the same is true for the chicken. Indigenous elders threw eggs to the group of guests. If the egg is not broken, then the guests who came deemed insincere. Conversely, if broken, it means that guests come with sincerity.

White rice and yellow thrown while reading a spell. The girls then present the wine from which mimic tree bark mixed pakak that has been dried. After drinking, party guests escorted to the House Balug, in the middle of the township.

Balug house is a traditional house of houses on stilts and is round. To enter this house, made steps made of the bar tree. Width is approximately 10 meters with a height of 15 meters from the ground.

When you sign in place of the ceremony, the delegation was given a splash of water that has been given a mantra by anjuang leaf, which serves as a starting reinforcements. The goal, so guests avoid disaster. When entering the ceremony, guests must tread gourd fruit placed in the basin are more familiar with the ritual pepasan.

Together with residents, guests then danced around the dance Mamiamis while custom home. Mamiamis, is a dance to welcome and honor the defenders of ancestral lands, who had just come from mengayau. While Indigenous Elders accompanied by singing and reading of spells.

Houses Balug traditional elders rose. Simlog was beaten and firecrackers sounded. The goal is to call the spirits of ancestors and also to mark the beginning Nyobeng Ceremony. Followed by a meal together in the House Balug. Side dishes, rice with fish pig. Tolerance is also high. For Muslims, provided special diet rather than pork. Meal, guests should leave the area of ​​custom homes.

The choices can rest in houses. At rest, the majority of men in the area through the forest to look for bamboo forest. Diameter of about tens of centimeters.

At the same time, every home makes offerings are smeared with the blood of chicken wings. It is also sprinkled chicken blood to parts of the house and grounds are considered sacred.

After that the family and the guests returned to the custom house. Once you can look for bamboo forest, the men carried him to the custom house in a gang. By holding the saber surrounded by bamboo while marching.

Saber brought a family heirloom. Decoration on the hilt saber made of bone or wood. Decoration, as a symbol of meaning and specific achievements of the holder in mengayau saber. Proper preparation. Chairman custom cue to start activities. One step forward, opening of the holster while slashing saber saber to a bamboo rod.

In a single slash, breaking bamboo. This success, is a good sign, according to public confidence. After the show was cut bamboo. The spirit was summoned by the head of customs.

The goal is to present and apply for permission to start that has been protecting Nyobeng. Traditional elders then, up the houses on stilts. Seven kinds of offerings placed in the village limits later. Then, the box is located on the pinnacle of custom homes in which stored human skulls and a necklace of boar's tusk, taken by the traditional elders and rubbed his hands with a special potion.

Then topical application on the skull that is in the box. Next katuas hinga a chicken head cut off. Head and chicken blood drop is applied to the skull. The skull is inserted again in the box and stored. The event was followed by cutting off a dog.

The blood that comes out on poles diusapkan custom homes, small houses, and statues of men and women who are in addition to the traditional house and sculpture. Houses and the statues are regarded as the origin of their ancestors. Cutting the dog is intended to reject the evil spirits. Some dog meat is freshly cut and then taken to the top custom home.
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Bledeg Doors


In the middle door of the Great Mosque of Demak shows the image of two great dragon who by legend and folklore until now that the door is what is called "Door Bledeg" or a door lightning, it is said was the creation of Kyai Ageng Selo (his tomb in Selo, about 5 km from the city towards Purwodadi direction of the city of Blora). The door was not installed, while the remaining is a duplicate, the original is stored in the Museum of the Great Mosque of Demak (to the north of the mosque).
According to the people of said states, that at one time Kyai Ageng Selo has captured lightning flash in lading, and he brought it to flash or to the Sultan Mosque Demak Demak. Lightning is then in brackets for some time's a time to escape.
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Soko Tatal


Soko Tatal is a large pole pieces made ​​of teak wood that looks rather small length and large diameter is not the same between one another, and then laid out neatly so that its length to less than 19 meters with a circular teak clad board then continue to be bound. This is one of four Soko teachers (main pillar) in the main building Demak Grand Mosque. According to Dr. Hj. Graaf, and also folklore Demak which is still kept alive said, that which makes Soko Tatal is Sunan Kalijaga. Being located in the Northeast.

When viewed directly from above (roof up in the mosque), then the apparent Soko chips consist of pieces of wood, which probably was not used, because according to the third reality Soko (pole) others as high as approximately 20 meters consist of teak wood straight without a connection. Surprisingly with one Soko Tatal and three others (consisting of intact wood) can support the roof of the building's wide, consisting also of a large teak timber along 31 yards.

After the Great Mosque of Demak have restorisasi mainly conducted in the year 1987, the fourth-Soko (main mast) mosque that looks nice and elegant, according to the elders Demak, the restoration was intended to preserve all parts of the mosque building filled with historical value and national culture which is very high. Therefore the government in conducting restoration does not change nor add to the building form or style arsitektisnya, so it still maintained its authenticity.

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Kingdom of Demak

In the deployment and further development of Islam in Java, the preachers of Islam who later became known as "Walisongo" (guardian nine) concentrates its activities by making the central city of Demak as everything. For the support of Walisongo was mainly on the basis of the order of Sunan Ampel, then Raden Patah was assigned to teach the religion of Islam and to open schools in villages Glagah Wangi. Not long after Raden Patah opened the Madrasah and boarding school in the village. over time the village is visited by many people. Not only a center of science and religion, but later became the center of trade and even became the center of the first Islamic kingdom in Java.

The first Islamic kingdom was founded by Raden Patah for your blessing and support of the Walisongo expected shortly after the collapse of the Majapahit kingdom that is more or less in the year 1478 AD sinengkalan: "Sirno ilang Kartaning Earth" (lang: Javanese). The founding of the kingdom of Demak "sinengkalan": "Geni Siniram Janmi Dead" (lang: Javanese) which means the year 1481 AD.
Prior to the center of the kingdom of Demak, Demak was the Majapahit kingdom and duchy area before status duchy, Demak better known people with the name "Glagah Wangi" which became the duchy from Jepara and is the only region Majapahit duchy whose leaders embraced Islam.

Raden Patah


According to folklore, the man who first encountered by Raden Patah in Glagah Wangi is "Nyai Lembah" which comes from the Rawa Pening. On the advice of Nyai Lembah is then Raden Patah Glagah Wangi settled in the village, later named "Bintoro" Demak. Later in its development and the increasingly hectic society, Bintoro finally became the capital of the country.

The word "Demak" was indeed derived from the Arabic "Dimak" means a trickle of tears, because of how hard it was the Walisongo broadcast and establish the religion of Islam into a society that has long had a strong belief and conviction that the teachings of Hinduism.
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Kingdom of Tarumanegara - the 5th century AD

Tarumanegara kingdom located in the valley of the river Cisadane, Bogor, West Java. King of the Kingdom's largest Tarumanegara is Punawarman. Evidence of existence can be known from 7 Tarumanegara inscription written in letters Pallawa and Sanskrit.

The inscription is:

1. Monument inscription, found in Cilincing, Jakarta. Contains the excavation of the river Gomati 11 kilometers in length, and finalized within 21 days.
2. Kebon Kopi inscriptions, found in Bogor, contains a painting of an elephant foot.
3. Ciaruteun inscription, found on the banks of the river Cisadane, Bogor, contains pictures of King Punawarman feet which is considered as the feet of Lord Vishnu.
4. Inscriptions found in Bukit Pasir Jambu Koleangkak, Bogor.
5. Pasir Awi inscriptions, found in Pasir Awi, Bogor. This inscription is written in curly letters and can not be read until now.
6. Inscription Cianten Estuary, was found in Cianten Muara, Bogor.
7. Lebak or Munjul inscription, discovered in 1947 in Lebak, Mujul area, Pandeglang, South Jakarta.


Besides these inscriptions, also found a note written by a Chinese news Fa-Hien, who had lived in Ye-Po-Ti, or Java. Fa-Hiien wrote about King Purnawarman wise build Gomati River channel to the welfare of its people. Fa-Hien also told that people in Tarumanegara, many Hindus and Buddhists fraction.
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Kingdom of Kutai - 5th century BC




Yupa

Kutai kingdom is the oldest Hindu kingdom in Indonesia, established in about the year 400 AD. Kutai kingdom located in Muarakaman, on the banks of the Mahakam River, east Borneo.
News of the Kingdom of Kutau can be known from 7 different shaped Yupa inscriptions, which were found in Muarakaman. Yupa inscription is inscribed stone monument that is used as a binding that will be offered animal sacrifices to the gods. Inscriptions are written with letters Pallawa and Sanskrit. King first named Kudungga, later replaced by Aswawarman.
Kutai is the greatest king of Mulawarman, who had presented a thousand oxen, to the Brahmins at the place called "Waprakeswara". After the death Mulawarman, replacement and extension of the Kutai kingdom is not known with certainty.
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The Spread of Hinduism and Buddhist

The process of Hindu religion and Buddhist deployment to Indonesia. because, trade relations between Indonesia and India and China, plays an important role in the process of Hinduism and Buddhism spread to Indonesia. While trade, Indian traders who are Hindus and Buddhists also held interactions with the locals, so they know the culture and religion also was carrying. According to historians, the influence of Hinduism and Buddhism to Indonesia is done through several ways.

Here are a few theories about the arrival of Hinduism and Buddhism to Indonesia
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a. Theory Brahmin - Van Leur
According to the theory of Brahmins, Hinduism and Buddhism was brought to Indonesia by the Brahmins. The Brahmins were invited to Indonesia to lead Vratyastoma ceremony, the ceremony to legitimize the rulers into the Kshatriya caste.
b. Theory Knights - F.D.K Bosch
Knights theory says that Hinduism and Buddhism was brought to Indonesia by the nobility of the soldier. Theory Knights, also called the theory of colonization.
c. Vaishya theory - N.J Krom
Vaishya theory states that Hinduism and Buddhism was brought to Indonesia by the merchants.
d. Reverse Flow Theory - Bosch
According to this theory, Hindu and Buddhist religions brought to Indonesia by the Indonesian people who study Hinduism and Buddhism in India, then after returning to Indonesia, spread to the community.


According to this theory, Hindu and Buddhist religions brought to Indonesia by the Indonesian people who study Hinduism and Buddhism in India, then after returning to Indonesia, spread to the community.

Through four channels that, Hindu and Buddhist religion in and develops into various regions in Indonesia such as Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and other areas.

Hinduism and Buddhism can be accepted easily by the public due to similarities with the public trust, the animism and dynamism. In addition to already have that confidence, according to Brandes (Historian of the Netherlands) before the Hindu and Buddhist culture into Indonesia, the ancestors in Indonesia has come to know 10 kinds of intelligence. namely:
1. Farm
2. Batik
3. Currency
4. metal working
5. Astronomy
6. Wayang
7. gamelan
8. Tembang
9. sail
10. Set community

Inclusion of culture and Hinduism and Buddhism and then mixed with the indigenous cultures of Indonesia. Thus, the entry of these cultures can increase the versatility of Indonesia in the work.
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The Origin of Semarang City

Once, in the Sultanate of Demak life of a prince, named Made Pandan.
He had a son named Raden Pandan Arang. That said, Raden Pandan Arang known as a good boy. He was very respectful to his father and was always obedient to his orders.
One day, the prince invites Prince Made Pandan Pandan Arang away from the sultanate of Demak. They walked toward the west.
After several days they walked, they came in somewhere. Feeling fit with the place, they then open up the forest and established settlements. The prince set up a boarding school and to broadcast the Islamic religion there.
Father and son lived very happily in place. However, their happiness did not last long because the Prince Made Pandan died.
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A Cire Perdue

A Cire Perdue is a bronze-making techniques beginning with the making of metal objects from wax, which contains clay as its core. candle shape is decorated with various ornamental patterns. form a complete candle wrapped again with the soft clay. at the top and bottom of a hole. from the hole above the liquid bronze is poured, and from the bottom hole of melted wax flows. when the bronze is poured cool,
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Nekara

Nekara is a large drum made ​​of bronze, waisted in the middle and closed at the top. Nekara found in Sumatra, Java, Bali, Roti, Selayar, and the Kei Islands. Nekara the largest found in the village Penataran Sasih Intaran Pejeng area, Bali. In Alor found a kind of small and slender nekara called Moko or Mako.
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Funnel axes

are the axes of the funnel-shaped top that allows you to insert the wooden handle. Funnel axes are commonly found in South Sumatra, Java, Bali, Central Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Selayar, and near Lake Sentani, Papua. Ax funnel on one side lengthwise called Cendrasa.
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Middle Stone Age

Middle Stone Age or commonly called mesolithikum age, has the characteristics:
1. Nomadic and still do collecting food
2. The tools are produced almost the same as paleolithikum era, is still a rough stone tools.
3. Discovery hills shells on the beach, called "Kjoken Mondinger" or kitchen waste.
4. Mesolithikum age tools such
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Age of Metals

In the Age of Metal, the population in Indonesia has been able to process and melt metal. Skill is acquired after they received the influence of the Cultural Dongsong, Vietnam. Bronze Culture in Southeast Asia that spread to the archipelago around the year 500 BC. although in this era of alt-metal tools many people made ​​and used, stone tools and pottery are still there and used.
This metal tool-making techniques are of two kinds, namely the mold of rock called "bivalve" and to mold clay and wax called ""a cire Perdue". At this time also called the undagi, because in society arise undagi group of skilled hands do the work. Metal Age is divided into:
1. Bronze Age
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Tugu Muda

Tugu Muda is one of the historic sites in Semarang. This monument was built to commemorate the struggle of youth Semarang in defending freedom against the Japanese, which is famous for the event "Battle of 5 days in Semarang". This monument reminiscent of the heroic events of the Battle of 5 Days in Hyderabad against the Japanese army, 59 years ago.
Tugu Muda monument built to commemorate the battle that occurred in Hyderabad on 14 to October 18, 1945 for 5 days. As evidence of their daredevil spirit of maintaining the independence of a country that only a few weeks in the Proclamation in Jakarta.
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Mount Bromo

Mount Bromo is a volcano is still active today, and is famous as a tourist attraction in East Java. Mount Bromo has a height of 2392 meters above sea level. Mount Bromo, located in four regions, namely Probolinggo, Pasuruan, Lumajang, and Malang. Mount Bromo interlocked areas between valleys and canyons with a caldera or a sea of ​​sand covering
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Ceremony Kasodo

Kasodo ceremony was the largest ceremony for the Tengger Tribe. Kasodo ceremonies associated with the legend about the origin of the Tengger. Based on the story of the legend, at the end of the 15th century, when the Majapahit power began to decline, a princess of the Majapahit kingdom, Roro Anteng, With her husband Joko Seger,
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Rawa Pening

Rawa Pening are the lake water as well as tourist attractions in the district of Semarang, Central Java. With an area of ​​2670 hectares it occupies the District of Ambarawa, Bawen, Tuntang, and Banyubiru. Rawa Pening is located in the basin the lowest slopes of Mount Merbabu, Telomoyo Mountain, and Mount Ungaran.
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National Revival 1908

At 1908, the efforts undertaken by the national awakening of Indonesia is to build various kinds of political organizations, in addition to organizations engaged in educational and social. organization as the first pioneers was Budi Utomo on 20 May 1908. Those who joined the organization began to pioneer a new path towards achieving the ideals of the
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